Several land use options are available in the period between maize crops. Some growers choose to leave the area “fallow” over the winter period. Ideally the stubble should be shredded and the area shallow cultivated (normally using discs or power-harrow) to incorporate the stubble to the extent of approximately 50% into the soil. This practice promotes the rapid break-down of the stubble which in turn reduces the likelihood of fungal disease carry over to the next crop.
In warmer areas, Italian ryegrass and/or oats can be planted into the cultivated stubble mix. The root system of these plants offer an excellent source of carbon which will assist in maintaining the organic matter content of the soil.
Winter ryegrass and oat crops can be harvested as silage prior to cultivation being undertaken for the next springs maize crop. Many growers spray the Italian ryegrass and/or oats with glyphosate prior to harvesting the silage to save time.
A third option for warmer areas is to direct drill an Italian type ryegrass through the crop stubble into the soil. The ryegrass may then be lightly grazed at appropriate intervals by stock. It is desirable to remove stock from the paddocks when ground conditions are wet to avoid treading damage and compaction of the cropping soil. At all cost avoid using the maize cropping area as a “stand-off pad” for dairy herds.
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